Roma Socioeconomic Status Has a Higher Impact on Smoking Behaviour than Genetic Susceptibility

It is a matter of speculation whether the high prevalence smoking among Hungarian Roma (HR) related to genetic, gene-environmental interactions or cultural factors. Our aim compare genetic susceptibility and possible effects determinants associated with behaviours in general (HG) populations. A complex health survey including three pillars (questionnaire, physical laboratory examinations) was carried out (NHG = 412 NHR 402). Risk allele frequencies ten single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were compared, their combined effect estimated by computing unweighted weighted risk scores (GRS, wGRS). The environmental factors investigated regression analyses after confounders introduced. Socio-economic status (SES) calculated based on Kuppuswamy scale 2019. only four SNPs found be different between populations (p < 0.01). Median values GRS did not differ, while wGRS median slightly higher individuals (5.2 vs. 4.9; p 0.02). more likely heavy smokers (ORmales 2.05, 95% CI [1.47–2.86]; ORfemales 1.89, [1.58–2.25]. Smokers have lower SES compared never (SES βHR −0.039, 0.023; βHG −0.010, 0.049). An inverse relationship 0.0001) better predictor than susceptibility. study findings suggest that nicotine-dependence revealed HR individuals; therefore, highest efforts should focused targeting SES-related population. Strengths study: This first investigate detect most relevant background extremely Limitations No standard instrument has been used assess intensity addiction nicotine. Because some participants’ unwillingness define themselves as Roma, overall population represented sample this study.